Talking about: ESD protection at SMT manufacturing site

First, the basic knowledge of static electricity

Electrostatic Static Discharge (ESD) is an objective natural phenomenon that can be produced in a variety of ways, such as contact, friction etc.. It is characterized by high voltage, low power, low current and short acting time.

(Static electricity occurs everywhere in life)

Second, the harm of static electricity

Electrostatic discharge has two kinds of damage.Damage to electronic products: sudden damage and potential damage.

1. Sudden injury: Refers to components are seriously damaged, loss of function. This damage is usually found in the quality inspection during the production process, so the cost to the factory is only the cost of rework.

2. Potential damage: refers to the partial damage of the device, the function has not been lost, and can not be found in the detection process in the production process, but in use, the product will become unstable, sometimes good or bad, so it’s a great harm to product quality.

(invisible damage to components)

Of these two types of damage, potential failures account for 90%, and sudden failures account for only 10%. That is to say, 90% of the electrostatic damage is not detected, and will only be discovered when it is used by the user. Most of the problems such as frequent crashes, automatic shutdown, poor voice quality, loud noise, and signal sometimes bad or good, which are related to electrostatic damage.

Third, static protective equipment

1.Human body static system - including anti-static wrist straps, overalls, caps, gloves, shoes, socks, etc.

(FASTPCBA production workshop staff protection)

2. Anti-static floor - including anti-static terrazzo floor, anti-static rubber floor, PVC anti-static plastic floor, anti-static carpet, anti-static floor.

(5000m2 anti-static dust-free workshop)

3. Anti-static operation series - including anti-static workbench pads, anti-static packaging bags, anti-static logistics trolleys, anti-static soldering irons and tools.

Fourth, the production site anti-static operation process

Electrostatic protection should be taken as an indispensable course for on-line training for on-the-job training and on-the-job identification to ensure that the ESD measures that may be in contact with electronic components or products in production meet the requirements of the standard.

（FASTPCBA Electronic ESD Access Control System)

All components must be operated on an electrostatic safety workbench. ESD parts (IC, transistor, diode, crystal, etc.) drop on the floor board during operation must be tested and confirmed before use.

When removing ESD parts from the ESD container, it should be carried out on an electrostatic safety workbench. The operator should follow the below points:

1.Anti-static overalls must be worn. It is forbidden to attach or wear any metal products on the anti-static overalls. It is not allowed to take off the overalls on the site where the static-sensitive products are handled. The buttons (zippers) of the overalls should be fully buckled (pull). Do not put it close to the state of undressing.

2. Wear an anti-static wrist strap. The wrist strap has good contact with the skin and is reliably grounded. The ESD workstation must be away from the charge and source. Electrostatic safety workbench is not allowed to stack plastic boxes, rubber, cardboard and glass, etc., which are easy to generate static electricity. The drawing data should be placed in the anti-static paper bag.

4. When handling sensitive components, avoid touching the leads and lugs. The main board should be kept away from the area of static sensitive components. When cleaning certain components, use an antistatic brush. Do not use a plastic brush.

5.The production staff must wear an anti-static cap during work to prevent the hair from inadvertently contacting ESD sensitive parts.

6. When proceed hand soldering, it is required to use anti-static low-voltage constant temperature soldering iron, and it is forbidden to reuse the device packaging tube packaging components.

The above is the industry knowledge provided by FASTPCBA , I hope to help you!