SMT circuit board assembly for medical electronics

Applications: Electronic ureteral pyeloscopy, endoscopy

The pyeloscopy is an auxiliary diagnostic method for checking whether the kidney is normal. Ureteroscopy is an important development in urinary endoscopy, which has changed the traditional concept that long-term ureteral sites are difficult to visually check and ureteral disorders require open surgery. Ureteroscopy can be divided into diagnostic and therapeutic according to the usage.

Clinical significance

Abnormal results: The incidence of ureteroscopic surgery complications varies greatly depending on the patient's condition, the ureteroscopy used, and the clinical experience of the surgeon.

1. Intraoperative complications:

(1) Ureteral submucosal injury forms a false tract: often occurs in the ureteral orifice and ureteral bladder wall segment, the ureter is twisted into an angular position and the stone is invaded at the ureter. Submucosal injury is a mild ureteral injury. If it can be found in time, the guide wire or catheter is withdrawn and placed back into the correct ureteral lumen under the ureteroscope without any harm to the patient. However, if you do not pay attention, it will cause "guide wire cutting injury", that is, the surgeon fails to find the submucosal damage caused by the guide wire in the retrograde intubation, and continues to perform a series of expansion or retrograde insertion of the ureter along the guide wire. The mirror, the slight damage is constantly expanding and cutting, thus causing perforation and tearing.

(1) ureteral perforation

(2) ureteral tear: ureteral tear is the most serious complication of ureteroscopic stone removal, which may occur when too large stones are forcibly pulled out with a basket of stone, or after the perforation occurs, no attention is paid. Blindly taking the stone and causing more serious damage. Sometimes in cases of ureteral stricture, forced ureteral dilatation or upper ureteroscopy caused severe ureteral laceration. In ureteroscopic lithotripsy, as long as the operator is cautious, surgical instruments are available.

People who need to check:

A. Intravenous urography or retrograde angiography revealed renal pelvis and ureteral filling defects, and the nature of the lesion needs to be clarified;imaging examination is normal, but urine cytology has a positive finding, and it is necessary to identify the lesion.

B. Unexplained ureteral stricture or obstruction.

C. Unexplained ureteral spurting, it is necessary to identify the location and cause of bleeding.

D. Follow-up observation of local excision of upper urinary tract tumors.